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Vanadium passivators are chemical additives used in Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) units to immobilize vanadium, preventing it from destroying zeolite structures and decreasing catalyst selectivity. They work by trapping vanadium on the catalyst surface, preventing the creation of vanadic acid (

cap H sub 3 cap V cap O sub 4

) during regeneration. Common passivators include alkaline earth metals like MgO and CaO, barium titanate, and specific Tin-based compounds.

Key Aspects of Vanadium Passivators in FCC:

Mechanism: Vanadium is mobile in the FCC, migrating into catalyst pores and destroying their structure. Passivators react with vanadium to form stable vanadates that do not damage the zeolite framework.
Benefits: These additives significantly reduce the yield of hydrogen and coke while protecting the catalyst, enabling the processing of higher-metal, heavy oil feeds.
Types:
- Barium Titanate: Highly effective in creating a high vanadium-tolerant catalyst.
- MgO and Alumina: Used for capturing vanadium, often employed in conjunction with specialized catalysts.
- Tin (Sn) Compounds: Act as a passivator to minimize the detrimental effects of vanadium.
Efficiency: High-efficiency traps are essential for processing high-resid feeds, preventing up to 6000 ppm of vanadium poison.

Vanadium contamination of FCC catalyst - ScienceDirect.com
Apr 5, 2018 — Highlights. A mixed metal oxide is studied as vanadium passivator for the FCC process. Vanadium deactivates FCC catalysts by both ...
ScienceDirect.com
High vanadium tolerant FCC catalyst by barium titanate as ...
Nov 1, 2024 — This study introduces a well-tolerant barium titanate with high efficiency for vanadium passivation of the FCC catalyst.
ScienceDirect.com
FCC Passivation - Fluid Catalytic Cracking - Nyacol
Vanadium is also a problem in FCC processes, but requires different chemistry for control. Vanadium can be controlled by passivati...
Nyacol

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Passivating vanadium in FCC operations

Digital Refining

https://www.digitalrefining.com › article › passivating-va...

Digital Refining

https://www.digitalrefining.com › article › passivating-va...

Vanadium passivators, often referred to as vanadium 'traps', react with vanadium in the FCC to immobilise and passivate the metal. This prevents vanadium from ...Read more

Vanadium Passivator

Cestoil Chemical Inc.

https://www.cestoil.com › Solutions › Process Chemicals

Cestoil Chemical Inc.

https://www.cestoil.com › Solutions › Process Chemicals

Protect your FCC catalysts and improve refinery efficiency with Cestoil's advanced vanadium inhibitor. Mitigate negative impacts, burn higher metal level ...

Bulk Vanadium Passivator -fitechem.com

Anhui Fitech Material Co.,Ltd

https://www.fitechem.com › Chemicals

Anhui Fitech Material Co.,Ltd

https://www.fitechem.com › Chemicals

Our good quality Vanadium Passivator is catalytic cracking vanadium passivation of FCC (fluid catalytic cracking), for oil refinery.Read more

Passivating vanadium in FCC operations - Refinery Catalysts

BASF

https://refinery-catalysts.basf.com › Publications

BASF

https://refinery-catalysts.basf.com › Publications

PDF

Vanadium passivation and resid catalyst technology are crit- ical to minimising the negative impacts of vanadium in these resid feeds since, compared to ...Read more

4 pages

FCC Passivation - Fluid Catalytic Cracking

Nyacol

https://www.nyacol.com › application › fcc-passivation

Nyacol

https://www.nyacol.com › application › fcc-passivation

Vanadium is also a problem in FCC processes, but requires different chemistry for control. Vanadium can be controlled by passivation or trapping additives.Read more

High vanadium tolerant FCC catalyst by barium titanate as ...

ScienceDirect.com

https://www.sciencedirect.com › article › abs › pii

ScienceDirect.com

https://www.sciencedirect.com › article › abs › pii

by MH Faghani2024Cited by 5 — This study introduces a well-tolerant barium titanate with high efficiency for vanadium passivation of the FCC catalyst.Read more

Metals Passivation

Ecolab

https://www.ecolab.com › solutions › metals-passivation

Ecolab

https://www.ecolab.com › solutions › metals-passivation

Combat metallic impurities in your Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU) with Nalco Water technology solutions designed to passivate nickel and vanadium.

Use Vanadium Traps in High Metals FCC Resid Processing to ...

refineryoperations.com

https://refineryoperations.com › use-vanadium-traps-in-...

refineryoperations.com

https://refineryoperations.com › use-vanadium-traps-in-...

Jan 21, 2016 — Ni can be passivated by using catalysts containing Ni traps (special aluminas) or Sb passivators. Trapping Vanadium. Under FCC regenerator ...Read more

Comparing Nickel and Vanadium Passivation with FCC ...

North American Catalysis Society

https://www.nacatsoc.org › abstracts

North American Catalysis Society

https://www.nacatsoc.org › abstracts

PDF

by M XuCited by 1 — INTRODUCTION. Cracking residuum feeds in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) units increases the level of contaminant. Ni and V metals on cracking catalysts.Read more

Strategies for Managing Contaminant Metals in the FCC Unit

Refining Community

https://refiningcommunity.com › 2017/02 › Strat...