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Factory calibration of Fiber Optic Gyroscopes (FOGs) is
a critical manufacturing process used to compensate for errors such as bias drift, scale factor non-linearity, and axis misalignment, typically using high-precision, multi-axis turntables and environmental chambers
. The process involves collecting data across various temperatures and rotation rates to create a compensation model that ensures high-performance, long-term stability.
Key Factory Calibration Methods and Techniques
- Multi-Position Rate Test (16 or 19-Position Method): The FOG Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) is mounted on a three-axis turntable and placed in specific orientations (e.g., 16 or 19 distinct positions) to calibrate the bias, scale factor, and non-orthogonal errors of all three axes simultaneously.
-
Earth Rate Modulation:
High-precision FOGs can use the earth's rotation rate (
) as a reference signal to calibrate the gyro without needing external, high-rate stimulation.
- Thermal Calibration: FOGs undergo testing within thermal chambers to map and compensate for temperature-sensitive bias and scale factor changes. This often involves evaluating data at different temperatures and rotation speeds.
- Closed-Loop Calibration: A modulator is used in a closed-loop system to apply specific voltages that generate a predetermined phase shift between counter-propagating light beams, allowing for precise determination of the scale factor.
- Self-Calibration/Optimization: Advanced techniques include using, for example, a genetic algorithm to automatically calibrate the placement angle and reduce the need for complex, manual, in-scene calibration.
Steps in the Factory Calibration Process
- Preparation: The FOG unit is securely mounted to a high-accuracy, 3-axis turntable.
- Initial Power-On & Warm-up: The unit is powered on to stabilize, often within a thermal chamber to test across a range of temperatures.
- Data Acquisition: The turntable moves to multiple pre-programmed positions (e.g., 16 or 19 points).
- Data Processing: Collected data from the gyroscopes and often accompanying accelerometers are smoothed and used to model errors.
- Parameter Estimation: A computer uses specialized software to estimate FOG IMU parameters, including bias, scale factor, and misalignment.
- Error Compensation & Validation: The determined calibration parameters are programmed into the FOG's software/firmware to correct real-time data.
Show more
How is the Calibration Process Performed for a Single Axis ...
SkyMEMS
https://www.skymems.com
› Industry News
SkyMEMS
https://www.skymems.com
› Industry News
In this article, we will discuss the
calibration process
for single axis
fiber optic
gyroscopes (SAFOGs), which are commonly used in aerospace and defense ...
Read more
Calibration method of fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) ...
Google Patents
https://patents.google.com
› patent
Google Patents
https://patents.google.com
› patent
The calibration method comprises the following steps:
carrying out sensitive axis alignment on an acceleration sensor and a fiber optic gyroscope
in the fiber ...
Read more
Calibration method for misalignment angles of a fiber optic ...
Optica Publishing Group
https://opg.optica.org
› abstract
Optica Publishing Group
https://opg.optica.org
› abstract
by J Ban
2022
Cited by 8
—
This paper proposes a
calibration method
based on fine alignment algorithm to calibrate the gyroscopes' misalignment angles. Its accuracy is proven by ...
Read more
The Calibration Method of High Precision MEMS Gyro
Ericco Inertial Technology
https://www.ericcointernational.com
› info › the-calibra...
Ericco Inertial Technology
https://www.ericcointernational.com
› info › the-calibra...
Apr 11, 2023
—
The
calibration method
of MEMS
gyroscope
non-orthogonal error and acceleration-sensitive drift error is suitable for MEMS
gyroscope
whose bias stability is ...
Read more
(820)
Fiber Optic Gyroscope Calibration & Maintenance for UAV ...
Unmanned Systems Technology
https://www.unmannedsystemstechnology.com
› feature
Unmanned Systems Technology
https://www.unmannedsystemstechnology.com
› feature
The article explains
calibration
is essential for maintaining long-term accuracy and serves as a form of risk management, as temperature changes, connector wear ...
Read more
How Do Fiber Optic Gyros Work?
Canal Geomatics
https://canalgeomatics.com
› knowledgebase › how-do-...
Canal Geomatics
https://canalgeomatics.com
› knowledgebase › how-do-...
During manufacturing,
fiber optic gyros are calibrated
to correct for several potential sources of error that may be introduced by the gyro itself or the ...
Read more
An alternative gyroscope calibration methodology - UJ Content
University of Johannesburg
https://ujcontent.uj.ac.za
› esploro › outputs › doctoral
University of Johannesburg
https://ujcontent.uj.ac.za
› esploro › outputs › doctoral
by JAF Du Plessis
Cited by 4
—
Calibration
is not a step that can be neglected as it is the
process
whereby the residual
manufacturing
errors in the sensor are characterized.
Read more
Missing:
method
‎
factory
A Fast and Non-Directional Calibration Method for Fiber ...
IEEE Xplore
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org
› document
IEEE Xplore
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org
› document
by Z Wang
2019
Cited by 4
—
The
laboratory
three-axis inertial test turntable is used to improve the
calibration
accuracy of the
fiber optic gyro
inertial navigation system and improve ...
Calibration method of marine high-precision fiber optic ...
Google
http://www.google.com
› patents
Google
http://www.google.com
› patents
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of
calibration method
of high-precision
optical fiber gyro
component used for ship that can accurately ...
Method and system for calibrating a fiber optic gyroscope
Google Patents
https://patents.google.com
› patent
Google Patents
https://patents.google.com
› patent
Because of the wavelength sensitivity, the reference voltage V π may be monitored and used to correct for the wavelength-induced scale
factory
inaccuracy.
Read more
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