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Calibration techniques for Fiber Optic Gyroscope (FOG) Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) focus on determining and compensating for errors in the gyroscopes and accelerometers, such as bias drift, scale factor, and axis non-orthogonality. Given their high-precision nature, FOG IMUs often require
precise, temperature-controlled, multi-position, or rotational calibration methods
.
Here are the key calibration techniques for FOG IMUs based on recent search results:
1. Turntable-Based Calibration Methods
These are the standard, high-precision methods often used for factory calibration.
- Static Multi-Position Calibration: The FOG IMU is placed in various orientations (e.g., 12-position method) to determine accelerometer and gyroscope biases and scale factors by comparing against Earth’s gravity and rotation.
- Single-Axis/Multi-Axis Continuous Rotation: The IMU is rotated on a turntable at specific rates (e.g., 10°/s, 30°/s) to excite and calibrate scale factors, non-linear errors, and installation errors.
- Hybrid Grading Calibration: Combines a coarse calibration (using a low-cost turntable to identify major parameters) with a fine calibration (using a 27-dimension Kalman filter to estimate residual errors).
- Time Asynchronous Parameter Calibration: A specific method to identify time synchronization errors between the FOG-IMU and the turntable, particularly using single-axis rotations around the X and Y axes.
2. Environmental & Temperature Calibration
FOG performance is heavily influenced by temperature.
- Full-Temperature Calibration: Calibration experiments are performed at multiple temperature points (e.g., -10°C to 40°C) to map the temperature-dependent drift and scale factor of the inertial devices.
- Segmented Linear Interpolation Compensation: The calibration parameters are updated in real-time based on the temperature, using piecewise linear methods to balance accuracy and computational load.
3. Advanced & System-Level Calibration
- Kalman Filter-Based Estimation: An Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is used, often during initial alignment or in-field operation, to estimate and compensate for IMU errors.
- System-Level In-Field Calibration: Methods that utilize in-field maneuvering or, in the case of MWD (Measurement While Drilling) systems, use specialized algorithms to reduce the need for bulky, expensive turntables while still providing high accuracy.
- Lever-Arm Effect Compensation: For FOG-based inertial navigation systems, calibration also includes accounting for the distance between the center of rotation and the IMU, known as the "lever-arm" effect.
Summary of Key Parameters Calibrated
- Gyros: Constant drift, temperature-dependent drift, scale factor, and non-linear scale factor errors.
- Accelerometers: Bias, scale factor, and axis non-orthogonality (cross-axis sensitivity).
- Installation/Alignment: The misalignment angles between the FOG axes, accelerometer axes, and the carrier body.
Show more
Improving the calibration process of inertial measurement ...
The Institute of Navigation
https://navi.ion.org
› content
The Institute of Navigation
https://navi.ion.org
› content
by H Rahimi
2020
Cited by 7
—
In this paper, a systematic
method
for
calibration
of an inertial measurement unit (
IMU
) for marine applications is proposed which is not based on the accuracy.
Read more
Measurement Error and Calibration of FOG IMU
Medium · Ericco Inertial Technology
1 year ago
Medium · Ericco Inertial Technology
1 year ago
Traditional
IMU calibration methods
include static multi-position
calibration
under normal temperature environment, angular rate
calibration
and ...
Read more
IMU calibration method and calibration process
Ericco Inertial Technology
https://www.ericcointernational.com
› application › imu...
Ericco Inertial Technology
https://www.ericcointernational.com
› application › imu...
Apr 10, 2024
—
The
calibration methods
of
IMU
are mainly divided into two categories: static
calibration
and dynamic
calibration
. Static
calibration
is mainly ...
Read more
(820)
A novel hybrid calibration method for FOG-based IMU
ScienceDirect.com
https://www.sciencedirect.com
› article › abs › pii
ScienceDirect.com
https://www.sciencedirect.com
› article › abs › pii
by B Xu
2019
Cited by 22
—
Combination
method
of coarse and accurate
calibration
is used to realize high precision
calibration
of
FOG
-
IMU
sensors. First of all, the system parameters ...
Read more
A time asynchronous parameters calibration method ...
IOPscience
https://iopscience.iop.org
› article
IOPscience
https://iopscience.iop.org
› article
by J Chang
2023
Cited by 6
—
A single-axis continuous rotation scheme is developed to calibrate the time asynchronous parameters. In particular, a simple observability analysis model is ...
Read more
An Autonomous Calibration for IMUs Using Sensor ...
White Rose Research Online
https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk
› eprint
White Rose Research Online
https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk
› eprint
PDF
by MM Alabdullah
2024
—
IMUs
are prone to various deterministic errors, which can be mitigated by adjusting parameters such as the sensor axis misalignment, offsets, inaccurate scale ...
A Complete Guide to Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)
JOUAV
https://www.jouav.com
› blog › inertial-measurement-u...
JOUAV
https://www.jouav.com
› blog › inertial-measurement-u...
Apr 17, 2025
—
IMUs
with magnetometers typically require
calibration
on the vehicle or in situ to compensate for static magnetic interference that may ...
Read more
A direct approach for high-quality MEMS based IMU/INS ...
SBG Systems
https://www.sbg-systems.com
› uploads › SBG-A...
SBG Systems
https://www.sbg-systems.com
› uploads › SBG-A...
PDF
by L Poletti
Cited by 4
—
The production process starts with the assembling of raw material to get
IMUs
. Then, each.
IMU
is calibrated on a temperature controlled double axes rate table.
Read more
19 pages
A New Calibration Method of MEMS IMU Plus FOG IMU
ResearchGate
https://www.researchgate.net
› ... › Calibration
ResearchGate
https://www.researchgate.net
› ... › Calibration
Aug 17, 2025
—
In this paper, we propose a new
calibration method
based on MEMS
IMU
with the assistance of the
FOG IMU
. Different from the traditional MEMS
IMU
...
Read more
Understanding Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)
GuideNav
https://guidenav.com
› blog › understanding-inertial-m...
GuideNav
https://guidenav.com
› blog › understanding-inertial-m...
IMU calibration
typically involves three primary sensor systems: the accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer. Each of these sensors requires specific ...
Scholarly articles for calibration techniques for fog imus |
|
|
A novel hybrid
calibration
method for
FOG
-based IMU
-
‎
Xu
- Cited by 22
… of different grade
IMUs
for diagnosis applications in …
-
‎
Otegui
- Cited by 18
|
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