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    AI Overview
    Sodium Sulphate
    The primary hydrate of sodium sulfate is sodium sulfate decahydrate (
    Na2
    SO4
    ⋅10
    H2
    O
    ), commonly known as Glauber's salt or the mineral mirabilite. It is a white, colorless crystalline solid that forms from solution. It acts as a significant commodity chemical, notably in detergent manufacturing and as a latent heat thermal storage material. 
    Key Details About
    𝐍𝐚𝟐
    𝐒𝐎𝟒
    ⋅𝟏𝟎
    𝐇𝟐
    𝐎
    :     
    • Properties: The decahydrate is highly soluble in water, with a formula weight of
      322.20
      g/mol
      .
    • Formation: It forms when anhydrous sodium sulfate (
      Na2SO4cap N a sub 2 cap S cap O sub 4
      𝑁𝑎2𝑆𝑂4
      , thenardite) absorbs moisture or when saturated solutions are cooled.
    • Stability: Below approximately
      32.4∘C32.4 raised to the composed with power C
      32.4∘C
      , the decahydrate is stable; above this, it melts and loses its water of crystallization to become anhydrous.
    • Other Forms: Other rarer hydrates include the heptahydrate (
      Na2
      SO4
      ⋅7
      H2
      O
      ), which is metastable.
    • Occurrence: It occurs naturally as mirabilite and is famously known as "Glauber's salt" after its discovery in 17th-century spring water. 
    Uses and Applications: 
    • Detergents: A major component in the manufacture of powdered laundry detergents.
    • Paper Industry: Used in the Kraft process of pulping.
    • Thermal Energy Storage: Its high latent heat (approx.
      0.24
      MJ/kg
      ) makes it useful for heat storage.
    • Textiles: Used as a leveling agent in dyeing. 
    Laboratory Behavior:
    In labs, anhydrous sodium sulfate (
    Na2
    SO4
    ) is frequently used to "dry" organic solutions, where it absorbs water to become the hydrated form (
    Na2SO4+10H2O→Na2SO4⋅10H2Ocap N a sub 2 cap S cap O sub 4 plus 10 cap H sub 2 cap O right arrow cap N a sub 2 cap S cap O sub 4 center dot 10 cap H sub 2 cap O
    𝑁𝑎2𝑆𝑂4+10𝐻2𝑂→𝑁𝑎2𝑆𝑂4⋅10𝐻2𝑂
    ). 
    • Sodium sulfate - Wikipedia
      Sodium sulfate (also known as sodium sulphate or sulfate of soda) is the inorganic compound with formula Na2SO4 as well as several...
      Wikipedia
    • Metastability Limit of Hydrated Phases of Sodium Sulfate under ...
      Feb 27, 2026 — Since the selective use of phase transitions for thermal energy storage relies on the temperature dependence of a salt's solubilit...
      ACS Publications
    • Sodium Sulfate in Chemical Labs: Applications as a Drying ...
      Sep 23, 2025 — Understanding sodium sulfate as drying agent requires examining its unique chemical properties and behavior. This inorganic salt e...
      Elchemy
    • Sodium sulfate heptahydrate I: The growth of single crystals
      Aug 15, 2011 — It has been studied as a heat storage chemical [1], [2], [3] and is used in the paper, glass, textile and detergent industry [4]. ...
      ScienceDirect.com
    • Sodium sulfate, decahydrate - MFA Cameo
      Jun 2, 2022 — Description. Colorless, crystalline solid. Hydrated sodium sulfate occurs in nature as the mineral mirabilite. In the 17th century...
      Museum of Fine Arts Boston
    • Sodium sulfate ACS reagent, = 99.0 7727-73-3 - Sigma-Aldrich
      About This Item. Linear Formula: Na2SO4 · 10H2O. CAS Number: 7727-73-3. Molecular Weight: 322.20. NACRES: NB.24. PubChem Substance...
      Sigma-Aldrich
    • Sodium sulfate - Wikipedia
      Sodium sulfate (also known as sodium sulphate or sulfate of soda) is the inorganic compound with formula Na2SO4 as well as several...
      Wikipedia
    • Metastability Limit of Hydrated Phases of Sodium Sulfate under ...
      Feb 27, 2026 — Since the selective use of phase transitions for thermal energy storage relies on the temperature dependence of a salt's solubilit...
      ACS Publications
    • Sodium Sulfate in Chemical Labs: Applications as a Drying ...
      Sep 23, 2025 — Understanding sodium sulfate as drying agent requires examining its unique chemical properties and behavior. This inorganic salt e...
      Elchemy
    Show all
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    Web results

    Sodium sulfate


    Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Sodium_sulfate
    Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Sodium_sulfate
    Sodium sulfate (also known as sodium sulphate or sulfate of soda) is the inorganic compound with formula Na 2 SO 4 as well as several related hydrates.Read more

    Sodium sulfate ACS reagent, = 99.0 7727-73-3


    Sigma-Aldrich
    https://www.sigmaaldrich.com › ... › Lab Chemicals
    Sigma-Aldrich
    https://www.sigmaaldrich.com › ... › Lab Chemicals
    Sodium sulfate decahydrate is also called as Glauber′s salt. It shows promising characteristics as phase change material (PCM) due to its high solar thermal ...Read more
    $77.50 · In stock · $23.50 delivery

    In Situ Characterization of Elusive Salt Hydrates—The Crystal ...


    ACS Publications
    https://pubs.acs.org › doi
    ACS Publications
    https://pubs.acs.org › doi
    An important intermediate phase in the crystallization of aqueous solutions of sodium sulfate is the highly metastable sodium sulfate heptahydrate.Read more

    Sodium Sulfate in Chemical Labs: Applications as a Drying ...


    Elchemy
    https://elchemy.com › blogs › intermediates-solvents › so...
    Elchemy
    https://elchemy.com › blogs › intermediates-solvents › so...
    Sep 23, 2025 — Anhydrous sodium sulfate aggressively absorbs water from its surroundings forming hydrate crystals. This hydration process removes dissolved ...Read more
    People also ask
    Is sodium sulphate a hydrated crystal?
    Anhydrous sodium sulfate aggressively absorbs water from its surroundings forming hydrate crystals. This hydration process removes dissolved water from organic solvents.Sep 23, 2025

    Sodium Sulfate in Chemical Labs: Applications as a Drying ...


    Elchemy
    https://elchemy.com › blogs › intermediates-solvents › so...
    Elchemy
    https://elchemy.com › blogs › intermediates-solvents › so...
    What happens when Na2SO4 reacts with water?
    The solid dissolved in water, and we got aqueous and aqueous S O 4 2 − . Because we mentioned aqueous in the equation, we don't need to write H 2 O on the right side of the equation. Therefore, the answer is N a 2 S O 4 ( s ) + H 2 O ( l ) → 2 N a + ( a q ) + S O 4 2 − ( a q ) .

    What may happen when Na2SO4 is hydrolysis class 11 chemistry CBSE


    Vedantu
    https://www.vedantu.com › question-answer › may-happ...
    Vedantu
    https://www.vedantu.com › question-answer › may-happ...
    What is the crystal structure of Na2SO4?
    Na₂SO₄ crystallizes in the orthorhombic Cmcm space group. There are two inequivalent Na¹⁺ sites. In the first Na¹⁺ site, Na¹⁺ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O²⁻ atoms. There are a spread of Na-O bond distances ranging from 2.31-2.78 Å.

    mp-3143: Na2SO4 (Orthorhombic, Cmcm, 63) - Materials Project


    Materials Project
    https://next-gen.materialsproject.org › materials
    Materials Project
    https://next-gen.materialsproject.org › materials
    What is the hydrated form of Na2SO4?
    The fully hydrated form of sodium sulfate is the decahydrate, Na2SO4⋅10H2O. This compound dehydrates (loses some waters of hydration) when heated.

    The fully hydrated form of sodium sulfate is the decahydrate, Na2SO4 ...


    CK-12
    https://www.ck12.org › percent-of-water-in-a-hydrate › t...
    CK-12
    https://www.ck12.org › percent-of-water-in-a-hydrate › t...

    Web results

    How would you obtain hydrated sodium sulfate crystals ...


    Quora
    1 answer · 7 years ago
    Quora
    1 answer · 7 years ago
    The water would hydrate the new compound and the slow evaporation of water would give you lovely large crystals of Na2SO4 without you having to do anything!Read more
    1 answer  ·  Top answer: The difference between the two is just an oxygen atom. Sodium sulfite is Na2SO3 and sodium sulfate is Na2SO4. Sodium sulfate is a very stable and ...

    Crystal Na2SO4 hydrate


    WEIXIAN (Nanjing) Science Technology co., ltd
    https://www.njweixian.com › crystal-na2so4-hydrate
    WEIXIAN (Nanjing) Science Technology co., ltd
    https://www.njweixian.com › crystal-na2so4-hydrate
    Customized Crystal Na2SO4 hydrate, please click to get a quote and more information.

    Sodium sulfate, decahydrate - MFA Cameo


    Museum of Fine Arts Boston
    https://cameo.mfa.org › wiki › Sodium_sulfate,_decahy...
    Museum of Fine Arts Boston
    https://cameo.mfa.org › wiki › Sodium_sulfate,_decahy...
    Jun 2, 2022 — Colorless, crystalline solid. Hydrated sodium sulfate occurs in nature as the mineral mirabilite. In the 17th century it was called Glauber's salt.Read more

    Similarities and peculiarities between the crystal structures ...


    National Institutes of Health (.gov)
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › ...
    National Institutes of Health (.gov)
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › ...
    by S Kamburov · 2014 · Cited by 23 — The structures of Na2SO4·10H2O and Na2SO4·7H2O are reinvestigated as a function of temperature with respect to the degree of disorder of the O atoms of SO4(2-) ...Read more

    Long sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) crystals which have formed ...


    Reddit · r/crystalgrowing
    6 comments · 4 years ago
    Reddit · r/crystalgrowing
    6 comments · 4 years ago
    Very nice clusters with high transparency. If it's decahydrate, Na2SO4·10H2O, it may quickly lose water and become white.
    Missing: hydrate ‎| Show results with: hydrate

    Sodium sulfate heptahydrate I: The growth of single crystals


    ScienceDirect.com
    https://www.sciencedirect.com › article › abs › pii
    ScienceDirect.com
    https://www.sciencedirect.com › article › abs › pii
    by H Derluyn · 2011 · Cited by 56 — Sodium sulfate can crystallize as different phases. Under normal atmospheric conditions, the two stable phases are the decahydrate (mirabilite, Na2SO4·10H2O) ...Read more
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