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Nitrogen enrichment refers to the excessive accumulation of reactive nitrogen in ecosystems due to human activities, significantly altering biodiversity and nutrient cycles. It generally boosts primary productivity and biomass but often leads to substantial reductions in plant species richness (average ~8.3–10.3%). While soil microbial diversity often remains stable, enrichment can acidify soil and create nutrient imbalances (e.g., increased N:P ratios) that destabilize ecosystems over time.
Key Impacts of Nitrogen Enrichment
- Biodiversity Loss: Research indicates a stronger negative impact on plant diversity compared to soil bacterial or fungal diversity. Plant species richness and Shannon index often see notable declines.
- Ecosystem Function: While initial nitrogen addition may increase biomass, excessive enrichment can decrease multifunctionality in specific environments like green roofs. It has also been linked to increased pollen abundance and allergenicity.
- Soil Chemistry & Microbes: Nitrogen enrichment can trigger soil acidification and alter microbial communities, including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which are crucial for plant nutrient uptake.
- Soil Organic Carbon (SOC): Long-term enrichment can stimulate microbial biomass, potentially enhancing mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) while reducing particulate organic carbon (POC).
Emerging Research
Recent studies emphasize that the effects of nitrogen enrichment are modulated by climate, soil pH, and the specific season of deposition. There is a growing need for integrated conservation strategies that address the divergent responses of aboveground and belowground biodiversity.
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Web results
Global nitrogen enrichment impacts plant diversity more ...
Nature
https://www.nature.com › ... › articles
Nature
https://www.nature.com › ... › articles
by Y Song2026Cited by 1 — On average, nitrogen enrichment results in 8.3% and 10.3% reductions in species richness and Shannon index for plants. In contrast, it leads to ...Read more
Nitrogen enrichment stimulates rhizosphere multi-element ...
ScienceDirect.com
https://www.sciencedirect.com › article › abs › pii
ScienceDirect.com
https://www.sciencedirect.com › article › abs › pii
by L Liao2024Cited by 84 — Nitrogen enrichment stimulates rhizosphere multi-element cycling genes via mediating plant biomass and root exudates · Highlights · Abstract · Graphical abstract.Read more
Long‐term nitrogen enrichment mediates the effects of ... - PMC
National Institutes of Health (.gov)
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › articles › PMC8809429
National Institutes of Health (.gov)
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › articles › PMC8809429
by CA Easterday2022Cited by 6 — Soil exposed to long‐term N enrichment neutralized the negative effects of nitrogen and co‐inoculation on infection incidence of a grass virus.Read more
Chronic nitrogen enrichment affects the structure and function ...
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (.gov)
https://hero.epa.gov › reference
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (.gov)
https://hero.epa.gov › reference
by SD Frey2004Cited by 1035 — No · 2004 · Chronic nitrogen enrichment affects the structure and function of the soil microbial community in temperate hardwood and pine forests.Read more
Host plant height explains the effect of nitrogen enrichment on ...
Wiley
https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com › doi › nph
Wiley
https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com › doi › nph
Jul 22, 2023 — Nitrogen (N) enrichment is widely known to affect the root-associated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) community in different ways, ...
High purity 99.9995% carbon molecular sieve for nitrogen ...
Chizhou Shanli Molecular Sieve Co., Ltd.
https://www.carbon-cms.com › product › high-purity-99...
Chizhou Shanli Molecular Sieve Co., Ltd.
https://www.carbon-cms.com › product › high-purity-99...
Carbon molecular sieve(CMS) type SLCMS-228 is a new kind of non-polar adsorbent,specifically designed for the enrichment of nitrogen from the air. The nitrogen ...Read more
Environmental and plant community determinants of species loss ...
USGS (.gov)
https://pubs.usgs.gov › publication
USGS (.gov)
https://pubs.usgs.gov › publication
Global energy use and food production have increased nitrogen inputs to ecosystems worldwide, impacting plant community diversity, composition, and function ...
The impact of ecosystem nitrogen enrichment on pollen ...
The Lancet
https://www.thelancet.com › lanplh › article › fulltext
The Lancet
https://www.thelancet.com › lanplh › article › fulltext
by R Daelemans2025Cited by 5 — Nitrogen enrichment substantially increased pollen abundance and allergenicity, indicating a heightened allergy burden in nitrogen-rich environments. These ...Read more
Effects of nitrogen enrichment on soil organic matter in ...
Harvard University
https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu › abs › abstract
Harvard University
https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu › abs › abstract
by E Vaughan2017 — Nitrogen (N) enrichment is a widespread and increasingly important human influence on ecosystems globally, with implications for net primary production and ...
People also ask
Are there any downsides to nitrogen fixation?
Because of the high energy cost of N-fixation, some legumes (trees, but not tropical) are less shade tolerant, making them less competitive in mixtures with non-N-fixing plants. Oxygen levels. Biological N fixation requires low levels of oxygen.May 5, 2022
Why Hasn't Biological Nitrogen Fixation Fixed Nitrogen Scarcity in ...
Center for Sustaining Agriculture and Natural Resources - Washington State University
https://csanr.wsu.edu › why-hasnt-biological-nitrogen-fix...
Center for Sustaining Agriculture and Natural Resources - Washington State University
https://csanr.wsu.edu › why-hasnt-biological-nitrogen-fix...
Does rain wash away nitrogen?
Much more nitrogen is lost with water that infiltrates the soil than with water that runs off the soil surface, but if a big runoff event catches you at the wrong time, it can take significant amounts of nitrogen with it as well.Jan 1, 2024
Wet spring weather and nitrogen loss: what has happened to my pre-plant ...
Minnesota Crop News
https://blog-crop-news.extension.umn.edu › 2017/06 › w...
Minnesota Crop News
https://blog-crop-news.extension.umn.edu › 2017/06 › w...
Does organic matter contain nitrogen?
All organic matter contains carbon (C). It also contains: Nitrogen (N)
What soil organic matter is and what it does - AHDB
AHDB
https://ahdb.org.uk › knowledge-library › what-soil-orga...
AHDB
https://ahdb.org.uk › knowledge-library › what-soil-orga...
Web results
Nitrogen Enrichment Regulates the Changes in Soil ...
MDPI
https://www.mdpi.com › ...
MDPI
https://www.mdpi.com › ...
by W Lv2023Cited by 2 — The nitrogen (N) enrichment induced by atmospheric N deposition affects both soil physicochemical properties and bacterial communities.
Scholarly articles for Nitrogen enrichment CMS | |
Nitrogen‐enriched nonporous carbon electrodes with … - Hulicova‐Jurcakova - Cited by 845 Compound‐specific carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen … - Elsila - Cited by 121 Enrichment of oxygen-containing low-concentration … - Zhang - Cited by 19 | |
