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EIT (Event Information Table) multiplexing and EPG/SI (Electronic Program Guide/Service Information) insertion are critical components in digital television broadcasting (DVB/ATSC) that allow viewers to see program titles, schedules, and descriptions on their screens. This process involves injecting metadata into the MPEG transport stream (TS) to provide a rich, interactive user experience.
EIT and EPG/SI Fundamentals
- EIT Function: The Event Information Table (EIT) is part of the SI tables, carried on PID
0x0012. It contains information about current/following events (4Ehex- Present/Following) and scheduled events (50hex-5Fhex). - EPG Data Sources: EPG data is generated via specialized software, often in .XML, .CSV, or .HTML formats.
- EPG Inserters/Generators: These are external devices or software modules in the headend that convert raw program data into formatted SI tables (EIT, TDT, TOT).
EIT Multiplexing Process
An EIT Multiplexer is an enhanced TS multiplexer used in digital TV head-ends. It serves two primary functions:
- Program Multiplexing: Combining audio, video, and PCR PIDs.
- SI/EIT Insertion: Re-multiplexing or inserting SI table PIDs—specifically EIT—directly into the output stream.
How it works:
- Input Handling: The multiplexer receives multiple SPTS (Single Program Transport Streams) or MPTS (Multi Program Transport Streams).
- EIT Integration: The EIT generator feeds the EPG data into the multiplexer, which edits/updates the SI data.
- Output: The result is a completed MPTS, containing both the media content and the EPG information, ready for QAM or COFDM modulation.
Key Components of EPG/SI Insertion
- PSI/SI Generator: Generates PAT, PMT, CAT, NIT, SDT, EIT, TDT, and TOT tables.
- EIT/EPG Inserter: Specialized equipment, often part of a professional receiver or professional multiplexer, that inserts EIT data.
- Re-multiplexer: Used in re-streaming scenarios to replace or update existing EPG data from satellite feeds with locally generated data.
Benefits of Integrated EIT Multiplexing
- Reduced Infrastructure: Eliminates the need for a separate dedicated EPG server in some scenarios, as the multiplexer can extract EIT data from existing satellite feeds.
- Flexible Distribution: Ideal for CATV, IPTV, hotels, and schools that need to provide customized channel guides.
- Regulatory Compliance: Ensures that SI tables follow DVB standards (
EN 300 468andISO13818).
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